रामायणम् — अरण्यकाण्डे एकत्रिंशः सर्गः | rāmāyaṇam

ततः शूर्पणखा दीना रावणं लोकरावणम् ।
अमात्यमध्ये संक्रुद्धा परुषं वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥

Summary AI Then, the miserable and enraged Śūrpaṇakhā, standing in the midst of the ministers, addressed harsh words to Rāvaṇa, the one who makes the entire world cry.

M N Dutt Then the woe began Śūrpanakhā, in high wrath spoke harshly in the midst of the courtiers, to Rāvana, given to railing loudly against all creatures.

३.३१.२

प्रमत्तः कामभोगेषु स्वैरवृत्तो निरङ्कुशः ।
समुत्पन्नं भयं घोरं बोद्धव्यं नावबुध्यसे ॥

Summary AI Intoxicated by sensual pleasures, acting willfully and unrestrained, you do not perceive the terrible danger that has arisen and must be recognized.

M N Dutt Intoxicated with enjoyments, acting as you will, and without any control whatever, you do not see that a dreadful disaster is impending.

३.३१.३

सक्तं ग्राम्येषु भोगेषु कामवृत्तं महीपतिम् ।
लुब्धं न बहु मन्यन्ते श्मशानाग्निमिव प्रजाः ॥

Summary AI Subjects do not respect a king who is addicted to vulgar pleasures, acts according to his whims, and is greedy, much as they avoid the fire of a cremation ground.

M N Dutt The subjects do not esteem a monarch that is given to sensual enjoyments, in intent upon satisfying his lust and is covetous like the fire in a cemetery.

३.३१.४

स्वयं कार्याणि यः काले नानुतिष्ठति पार्थिवः ।
स तु वै सह राज्येन तैश्च कार्यैर्विनश्यति ॥

Summary AI A king who does not personally attend to his duties at the proper time perishes along with his kingdom and those very neglected tasks.

M N Dutt The king that dose not act at the proper time, finds destruction along with his kingdom and acts.

३.३१.५

अयुक्तचारं दुर्दर्शमस्वाधीनं नराधिपम् ।
वर्जयन्ति नरा दूरान्नदीपङ्कमिव द्विपाः ॥

Summary AI People avoid from afar a king who lacks spies, is difficult to see, and is not self-controlled, just as elephants avoid the mire of a river.

M N Dutt Even as elephants shun the muddy river, do people shun from a distance, the ruler that dose not send cut spies, who show now himself (to his subjects), and who had lost his independence.

३.३१.६

ये न रक्षन्ति विषयमस्वाधीना नराधिपः ।
ते न वृद्ध्या प्रकाशन्ते गिरयः सागरे यथा ॥

Summary AI Those kings who are not self-controlled and fail to protect their realm do not shine with prosperity, just as mountains submerged in the ocean are not visible.

M N Dutt Like to rocks in the sea, those monarchs that do not administer their dominions, that are not dependent, do not prosper.

३.३१.७

आत्मवद्भिर्विगृह्य त्वं देवगन्धर्वदानवैः ।
अयुक्तचारश्चपलः कथं राजा भविष्यसि ॥

Summary AI Having provoked hostilities with the self-controlled Devas, Gandharvas, and Dānavas, how can you remain a king while being fickle and lacking a network of spies?

M N Dutt Having incurred the hostility of the gods, the Dānavas and the Gandharvas of subdued souls and senses, how can you, who are fickle, and hast not employed spies, become the king?

३.३१.८

येषां चारश्च कोशश्च नयश्च जयतां वर ।
अस्वाधीना नरेन्द्राणां प्राकृतैस्ते जनैः समाः ॥

Summary AI O best among victors, those kings whose spies, treasury, and policy are not under their own control are equal to ordinary commoners.

M N Dutt O you best of conquerors, those kings whose spies, exchequer and morality are not free, are like the common head.

३.३१.९

यस्मात्पश्यन्ति दूरस्थान्सर्वानर्थान्नराधिपाः ।
चारेण तस्मादुच्यन्ते राजानो दीर्घचक्षुषः ॥

Summary AI Since kings perceive all distant matters through their spies, they are therefore called "long-sighted."

M N Dutt It is because kings know distant dangers through spies, therefore they are styled farsighted.

३.३१.१०

अयुक्तचारं मन्ये त्वां प्राकृतैः सचिवैर्वृतम् ।
स्वजनं च जनस्थानं हतं यो नावबुध्यसे ॥

Summary AI Surrounded by mediocre ministers and lacking spies, I consider you ignorant, as you do not realize that your own people and Janasthāna have been destroyed.

M N Dutt I believe you have no spies, and that your counsellors are common folks, since although Janasthāna with your kinsman is destroyed, yet you take it not to heart.

३.३१.११

चतुर्दश सहस्राणि रक्षसां भीमकर्मणाम् ।
हतान्येकेन रामेण खरश्च सहदूषणः ॥

Summary AI Fourteen thousand Rākṣasas of fearsome deeds, along with Khara and Dūṣaṇa, have been slain by Rāma alone.

M N Dutt Fourteen thousand Rākṣasas of dreadful deeds were slain by Rāma single, a human being, fighting, (moreover) on foot.

३.३१.१२

ऋषीणामभयं दत्तं कृतक्षेमाश्च दण्डकाः ।
धर्षितं च जनस्थानं रामेणाक्लिष्टकर्मणा ॥

Summary AI Rāma, whose actions are effortless, has granted fearlessness to the ṛṣis, made the Daṇḍaka forest secure, and devastated Janasthāna.

M N Dutt Fourteen thousands of Raksasas of dreadful deeds, with Khara and Dūşana, have all been slain by Rāma single-handed; Rāma of untiring energy has inspired the saints with courage; the Dandakas have been benefited; and Janasthāna had been harassed.

३.३१.१३

त्वं तु लुब्धः प्रमत्तश्च पराधीनश्च रावण ।
विषये स्वे समुत्पन्नं भयं यो नावबुध्यसे ॥

Summary AI O Rāvaṇa, you are greedy, negligent, and dependent on others, as you do not perceive the danger that has arisen within your own territory.

M N Dutt But you, covetous and intoxicated and in the power of others, do not understand that a great danger is over-hanging (you).

३.३१.१४

तीक्ष्णमल्पप्रदातारं प्रमत्तं गर्वितं शठम् ।
व्यसने सर्वभूतानि नाभिधावन्ति पार्थिवम् ॥

Summary AI All living beings do not run to the aid of a king in times of calamity if he is harsh, stingy, negligent, arrogant, and deceitful.

M N Dutt People do not in times of peril assist a sovereign that is wrathful, stingy, intoxicated, haughty and deceitful.

३.३१.१५

अतिमानिनमग्राह्यमात्मसंभावितं नरम् ।
क्रोधनं व्यसने हन्ति स्वजनोऽपि नराधिपम् ॥

Summary AI Even his own kin will slay a king in times of trouble if he is overly proud, unapproachable, self-conceited, and prone to anger.

M N Dutt Even his own kindred slay a sovereign that sets immense store by his own self, is of light worth, regards himself highly, and irascible. They do not serve him; nor do they fear when he intimidates them. Such an one is speedily dethroned; and reduced to poverty and becomes like a straw.

३.३१.१६

नानुतिष्ठति कार्याणि भयेषु न बिभेति च ।
क्षिप्रं राज्याच्च्युतो दीनस्तृणैस्तुल्यो भविष्यति ॥

Summary AI One who does not attend to his duties and feels no fear when danger is present will quickly fall from his kingdom, becoming miserable and as worthless as a blade of grass.

M N Dutt Even his own kindred slay a sovereign that sets immense store by his own self, is of light worth, regards himself highly, and irascible. They do not serve him; nor do they fear when he intimidates them. Such an one is speedily dethroned; and reduced to poverty and becomes like a straw.

३.३१.१७

शुष्ककाष्ठैर्भवेत्कार्यं लोष्टैरपि च पांसुभिः ।
न तु स्थानात्परिभ्रष्टैः कार्यं स्याद्वसुधाधिपैः ॥

Summary AI A use may be found for dry wood, clods of earth, or even dust, but no purpose is served by kings who have been ousted from their positions.

M N Dutt Even dry wood may serve a purpose; or stone, or dust; but no purpose is capable of being served by a sovereign that has been cast off his place.

३.३१.१८

उपभुक्तं यथा वासः स्रजो वा मृदिता यथा ।
एवं राज्यात्परिभ्रष्टः समर्थोऽपि निरर्थकः ॥

Summary AI Like a worn-out garment or crushed garlands, a king fallen from his kingdom is useless, even if he were once capable.

M N Dutt Like a cloth that has been worn, like a garland that has been trodden, a king that had been dethroned, although able, is of no consequence.

३.३१.१९

अप्रमत्तश्च यो राजा सर्वज्ञो विजितेन्द्रियः ।
कृतज्ञो धर्मशीलश्च स राजा तिष्ठते चिरम् ॥

Summary AI That king who is vigilant, all-knowing, has conquered his senses, is grateful, and is righteous-minded, remains in power for a long time.

M N Dutt But a king that keeps his wits about him, understands everything, is of controlled senses, and grateful, and of virtuous character, endure for ever.

३.३१.२०

नयनाभ्यां प्रसुप्तोऽपि जागर्ति नयचक्षुषा ।
व्यक्तक्रोधप्रसादश्च स राजा पूज्यते जनैः ॥

Summary AI A king who, though asleep with his physical eyes, remains awake through the eye of statesmanship, and whose anger and favor are clearly manifest, is worshiped by his subjects.

M N Dutt That king is honoured by men; that sleeping with his eyes, is awake as respects his eye of duty, and (the effects of) whose anger and favour, are seen (by all).

३.३१.२१

त्वं तु रावणदुर्बुद्धिर्गुणैरेतैर्विवर्जितः ।
यस्य तेऽविदितश्चारै रक्षसां सुमहान्वधः ॥

Summary AI O evil-minded Rāvaṇa, you are indeed devoid of these royal virtues; for you, whose spies have not informed you, remain unaware of the great slaughter of the Rākṣasas.

M N Dutt But, you Rāvana, who hast not by means of spies; acquainted yourself with the slaughter of Rākşasas, are of evil understanding and bereft of all these virtues.

३.३१.२२

परावमन्ता विषयेषु संगतो
नदेश कालप्रविभाग तत्त्ववित् ।
अयुक्तबुद्धिर्गुणदोषनिश्चये
विपन्नराज्यो न चिराद्विपत्स्यते ॥

Summary AI Despising others, addicted to sensual pleasures, and ignorant of the proper application of place and time, you possess an unsteady intellect in discerning merits and demerits. Having your kingdom already endangered, you will soon perish.

M N Dutt Given to disgracing others, ignorant of the proper distribution of time and place*, and never taking care to distinguish merits and defects, : you, your kingdom being in danger, will speedily meet with disaster. The commentator, is silent here. the meaning evidently is, you do not discern the where and when of things.

३.३१.२३

इति स्वदोषान्परिकीर्तितांस्तया
समीक्ष्य बुद्ध्या क्षणदाचरेश्वरः ।
धनेन दर्पेण बलेन चान्वितो
विचिन्तयामास चिरं स रावणः ॥

Summary AI Having reflected with his intellect upon his own faults as proclaimed by her, the lord of the Rākṣasas, Rāvaṇa, though endowed with wealth, pride, and strength, pondered for a long time.

M N Dutt On his vices having been thus celebrated by her (Surpanakhā), that lord of the rangers of night, Råvaņa, musing awhile, was long plunged in thought.

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